Old Pictures of Malacanang
History of the Palace:
1802
Luis Rocha sold the property in 1802 to Colonel Jose Miguel Fomento of the Spanish Army.
1825
Fomento's testamentary executors in turn sold it to the government upon his death in 1825, paid from proceeds of a Chinese head tax.
"Posesion de Malacanang" becomes the country home of Governors- General and temporary residence of outgoing Governors General awaiting the next ship to Spain.
1847
A royal decree designates the estate as the summer residence of the Spanish governor general.
1863
June 3 Great Earthquake demolishes Palacio de Gobernador in Intramuros. Malacanan becomes the residence of the Spanish governors-general. Governor General Rafael de Echague moves in.
1865
GG moves back to Intramuros
1869
Earthquake: Governor General moves back to Malacanan.
1869-1898
More than 300,000 pesos is spent on numerous repairs and extensions. The summer residence of the Governor General becomes a sprawling government complex.
1872
December: earthquake damages Malacanan.
1873
Fire, storm damage Malacanan.
1875-1879
A complete new wing was added to the right of the front of the building, facing the entrance, which was so arranged so as to complete the front facing the Pasig River; a new azotea was built on the river front and joined to the one already existing; a gallery was added on the front fa-ing the entrances, and another wing, with an azotea, was added on the left, the two latter additions being completed by changing the form of the principal staircase, which was transferred to the center of the building; the distribution of 'the space in the main floor was modified, well or-dered rooms of proportionate dimensions being established; galleries were constructed around the staircase, permitting the public to roam about on days of grand receptions and relieving the pressure in the prin-cipal rooms; the pavilion built against the river front of the Palace was demolished and replaced by a staircase in symmetry with the one already existing, and a structure with baths and toilets; a small azotea was built as an extension of the river front of the building, to connect with the azotea on the left side; and, finally, the dining room was transferred to the center of the front mentioned.
1880
earthquake damages Malacanan again.
1896
Teodora Alonso, mother of national hero Jose Rizal, visits Malacanan to plead for the life of her son. The legend that she climbed the stairs of the Palace on her knees to beg for clemency dates from this time.
1898
American period begins.
1901
After being captured and resigning the presidency, General Emilio Aguinaldo is held prisoner in Malacanang. His room was located in what is today's State Dining Room.
1902
William Howard Taft becomes the first American Civil Governor to occupy Malacanang. Taft later becomes U.S. Secretary of War, President, and then Chief Justice.
1910-1935
The American Governors General abandoned the plan to reconstruct the old Palacio at Intramuros. Instead, they continued to improve and enlarge Malacanang, buying up more land, reclaiming more of the Pasig River, raising the ground level (to keep above flood waters), changing wood to concrete, and beautifying the interiors with hardwood paneling and magnificent chandeliers. Gov. Gen. Dwight Davis (1929-32) was a notably active builder.
1920
During the administration of Governor-General Francis Burton Harrison, the Executive Building was constructed for the Governor General and his staff. Governor-General Leonard Wood is the first Chief Executive to hold office in Malacanan and not in the Ayuntamiento de Manila.
1935-1937
Manuel L. Quezon becomes the first Filipino chief executive to reside in Malacanang. His administration marks an active period in Palace renovations.
The Executive Building is enlarged, with bedrooms on the ground floor replaced with offices. On the two wings, a second story is added, including the presidential office (used for public visits) which can be reached by a small passage way from the Palace itself.
In the Palace, a new wing is added on the family (or residence) side, as the residence side is enlarged. A new fountain is placed at the rotonda facing the family entrance. Former bedrooms are turned into the Music Room and the Study Room. Where Presidents do most of their work. The old ballroom is turned into the State Dining room. The state dining room is decorated with chandeliers from the Ayuntamiento de Manila. The reception hall is enlarged and redecorated, including a cared wooden ceiling by Isabelo Tampingco and three crystal chandeliers from Czechoslovakia, A new basement is built for entertaining larger groups of guests (this area would be renamed Heroes' Hall by First Lady Eva Macapagal in 1961). Airconditioning is installed for the first time.
1937-1940
The Pasig River façade is enlarged, uncluding the two towers on either side.
The riverfront is extended, and new lawns added facing the river. Land is purchased and reclaimed across the river, and becomes Malacanang Park, where a golf course is planned. A resthouse is built across the river, too. A swimming pool is built, together with a small zoo.
1943-1945
Malacanang is used as the office of President Jose P. Laurel, who chooses to keep residing in his home at Penafrancia St., Paco, Manila.
1945
Malacanang is captured intact by American troops. General Douglas MacArthur announces the formal restoration of the Commonwealth of the Philippines. President Sergio Osmena moves in briefly. In May, President Manuel Roxas and his family move in.
1946
The first lying-in-state for a former President of the Philippines takes place, for the funeral of Manuel L. Quezon. Two years later, President Roxas would also lie in state in the Palace's Ceremonial Room. Presidents Magsaysay, Quirino, Osmena, Garcia and Macapagal would also lie in state at Malacanang. While Presidents Quezon, Roxas and Magsaysay died in office, no President has ever died in Malacanan.
1949
President Quirino refurbishes Malacanang because of damage caused by the War.
1953
President Ramon Magsaysay moves in and throws the Palace open to the people. Record-breaking numbers of citizens visit the Palace on opening day, December 31, 1953. He orders that Malacanan Palace be henceforth referred to as Malacanang, Residence of the President of the Philippines. His order remains in force until the Marcos administration, when Malacanan Palace is restored. President Aquino clarifies during her term that Malacanang is to be referred to as Malacanan Palace, when referring to the building, and as Malacanang when referring to it as the presidential office.
1961
President Macapagal and family move in. Mrs. Eva Macapagal begins an effort to restore Malacanang. The Palace's interiors and exteriors are cleaned. Furniture is restored. New fans are installed and First Lady Eva Macapagal commissions noted sculptor Guillermo Tolentino to sculpt the busts of heroes, which are placed on display in the newly-renamed Heroes' Hall.
1965
Ferdinand E. Marcos becomes President. His wife, Imelda, begins first of several renovations.
1970
Militant students ram a commandeered firetruck through a Palace gate. Molotov cocktails and pillboxes are lobbed into the grounds. The Palace grounds are close to the people.
1972
The Executive Building was cleared of employees. Many transferred to the recently enlarged Administration Building (now called Mabini Hall).
Laurel Street (formerly Aviles Street) was closed to traffic and the Pasig River dredged. The entire second floor of the Executive Building was converted into the large Maharlika Hall, used for social functions and official gatherings.
1975
The former servants' quarters at the West end of the Palace grounds, abutting the old San Miguel Brewery which has since transferred elsewhere, was remodeled in 1975 into the Premier Guest House, on time for the IMF-World Bank Boards of Governors meeting. The nearby Arlegui Guest House was built at the same time.
1978-79
The Palace was expanded, its facades on all four sides moved forward. The Presidential quarters were enlarged on the J.P. Laurel front, eliminating the small garden and driveway leading to the family entrance. A new dining room and expanded guest suites were built on the main entrance front. On the riverside, a large Ceremonial Hall was built in place of the azoteas, verandah and old Ceremonial Room. A larger presidential bedroom was constructed on the remaining side, with a disco above, at roof level. The layout of the old rooms was retained, although the rooms themselves were enlarged and new bedroom suites inserted in what had been part of the garden.
Reconstruction was overseen by Architect Jorge Ramos and closely supervised by Mrs. Marcos. It was inaugurated on May 1, 1979, the Marcos silver wedding anniversary.
1982
Fire damages Malacanan and destroys Malacanan museum.
1983
Air purification equipment was installed.
1986
At 9:05 in the evening of February 25, Ferdinand Marcos ands his party leave besieged Malacanang aboard four helicopters. Minutes later, the people, massed at the gates, clamber up and storm the Palace, which for almost a decade was off limits to them. Fulfilling a campaign promise, President Corazon Aquino disbands the Palace household, and turns Malacanang into a museum. For the first time since martial law, ordinary citizens are free to visit the Palace. Millions will visit the Palace grounds over the next six years.
1986-1998
Presidential residence is at Arlegui. President Aquino holds office in the Premiere Guest House until the New Executive Building (former San Miguel Brewery) is completed. President Fidel Ramos begins to restore active use of Malacanan for official business during his term of office. In 1998, President Joseph Ejercito Estrada becomes the first president since Ferdinand Marcos to actually reside on the Palace grounds, moving into the refurbished Premiere Guest House.
1998
The National Historical Institute(NHI) through Board Resolution No. 2, series of 1998, declared Malacanang a national shrine.
2001
President Arroyo cleared the old Administration Building, then occupied by the Presidential Press Office to make way for the Presidential Museum. The area occupied by the Presidential Museum would revert back to the private quarters of the Presidential family. President Arroyo begins using the presidential desk used by her father and by all presidents from Quezon to Marcos.
2002
President Arroyo moves her office from the Music Room to the Study Room (Rizal Room) where all presidents from 1937-1986 had held office. The Malacanan museum is reorganized and a systematic inventory of the Palace's contents is begun.
