koreans held for 39 years not 20 years. Furthermore they wernt defeated since the Mongols still didnt conquer Korea and slaughtered its people to install fear(like they would to those they conquered). A truce was instead signed by both sides agreeing to peace as long as koreans payed the mongols tribute and also help them reach japan. Although im not sure if the Koreans would have won if they continued the war since the Mongols would have eventually used armies from just about every country they conquered+their own mongols against them(I believe they were already using Chinese troops against Koreans).
QUOTE
I know it somewhat off topic, but how do you think the korean "samurais" will do? against the japanese and romans?
The Korean counterpart of the samurai were the Hwarang. They were mostly expert archers wearing armor while riding on horses. They also carried sabers and shields(big difference since the samurais didnt carry shields). Basically they were like the Mongols except they had a honor code and used slightly different weapons and vastly different armor and clothing. They trained mostly in archery although they had skill in sword, spear in various weaponry.The bow they used was the a water buffallo horn composite bow which had a drawing strength of 166 lbs(which is the same bow the Mongols used). Japanese yumis/bows I believe max out at 80 lbs, Roman archers were mostly foreign employed and they wernt that great, British Long Bows had a draw strength of 110. The standard roman legionairre wasnt armed with a bow however so they face one great disadvantage. In fact the only ranged weapon they carried was the one shot pilum(range was very short). The Pilum(kinda like a heavy throwing spear) was also mostly a weapon not to kill but to make shields useless. It would stick on shields and make them heavier which meant the opponent would have to drop his shield or carry a cumbersome load. However the pilum is slow, its range is minimum and its only 1 shot vs a several shot, long distance, much more accurate , faster and harder to spot composite bow. There honor code of the hwarang was
Their code was
1.Loyalty to the Emperor/King
2.Filial piety to parents/family Respect among friends
3.No retreat in war
4.No unjust killing
They were very effective, created during the Shilla dynasty to fight against Koguryo Koreans and Paekchae Koreans(Koguryo and Paekchae also had similar hwarang warriors although they had different names for their warrior caste). Their effectivness was proven during battles against Koguryo and Paekchae eventually the civil war ended and Shilla was the victor. Their effectivness was also demonstrated in its war against Tang China who attempted to conquer Shilla twice. Shilla successfully defeated and drove the Chinese out with one major factor being the helpful hwarangs despite being outnumbers I believe its somewhere around 1:5 to 1:15.
In most medieval battle between japanese and korean forces the koreans were usually victorious in just about every battle. Examples would include pirate wars, Japanese and Paekchae alliance, Tsushima war etc etc. However that started changing in 1592 when Japan chose to invade korea with portuguese match lock rifles. Although Koreans won the war they still suffered a lot due to the weaponry advantage the japanese. The Chinese had aid Korea as well. So if it was a Hwarang vs Samurai battle than the Hwarang will probally win unless the Samurai has a gun. And we all know that horse archery was vastly superior to foot soilders like Roman legionairres. A Samurai on horseback with arrows can easilly defeat a legionairre. Only difference between Samurai and Hwarang was 1. Hwarangs had better bows, 2. Hwarangs were much better archers(the Japanese spent their time training in sword, spear, archery, meditating and doing sumo while Hwarangs spent most of all their military time doing nothing but archery and some spear and swords). So yeah the Hwarang will defeat the legionairre much more easilly than a samurai.
So basically it goes like this
Fully equipped Roman Legionairre < Fully equipped Samurai < Fully equipped Hwarang < Peasant with a gun.
Also the difference between Roman and Japanese swordsman ship is hard(since there were several styles of Japanese swordsmanship). However most agree that Kenjutsu(Japanese sword martial arts in general) involved lots of slashing and some stabbing. The Romans incorporated the gladius and used it mostly for stabbing. Who do I think will win in a sword vs sword match? The Legionairre will mostly likely win. The reasonn being that the Roman has a shield and a sword while the Samurai only has his swords. The Japanese never really developed shields since they only fought amongst themselves. And contrary to popular anime belief you CANT cut a shield with a slash of a sword. And even if you do, theres a good chance your sword will get stuck on his shield which spells doom for you. If it was Legionairre without shield vs samurai than the samurai will probally win. The gladius is very short and mostly a stabbing sword while the japanese used "sharper" and longer+better blades. The gladius can make a decent slashing weapon but its nothing compared to its japanese counter part. If it was legionairre vs samurai with a shield than the legionairre will win. The reason why the Legionairre carried such short stabbing swords was because of the shield they carried(those large tower shields/pavise(I believe thats what theyre called). You cant swing a large sword with carrying such a big shield because it requires too much strength, its too slow and your shield will make movement and attacking range less effective. If you give both sides small circular shields though then the samurai will probally win. Of course in a no holds bar anything goes battle between legionairre and samurai the samurai will obviously win. In the Hwarangs case, the hwarangs prefered the bow so they probally wouldnt fight hand to hand unless they absolutely had to. And usually if that occured then the foot infantry armed with spears would come to the hwarangs aid while the hwarangs would move back and start firing arrows at the back side. They only charged with swords and spears when they felt the killing moment was right.