QUOTE (Rayzor @ Sep 8 2011, 07:28 AM)
As I just said before, it all because of genetics. All this because of o2a-o2b-o2 connection. o2b, which are found in Korean and o2a common in southeast asia especially Indonesia are siblings since they are both descendant of haplogroup o2. You can tell islandBrother is using the very same reason as other southeast asian to relate southeast asian with Japanese and Korean.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_O2b_%28Y-DNA%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_O2a_%28Y-DNA%29As for the Han Chinese, they don't relate themselves with Han Chinese because they can't. Unlike the Korean, both northern Han Chinese and southern Han Chinese are o3 dominant, not o2 dominant group dominant.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_O3_%28Y-DNA%29It doesn't matter how you think Han Chinese look like, because it just your opinion, not fact. Looks/physical appearance is a subjective issue. By the way, Han Chinese in southeast asia do not mix with southeast asian natives. They are genetically the same and as pure as those Han Chinese in China.
By the way, you sound like a typical bitter asian guys that hate interracial marriage. Whatever the reason is, don't use Han Chinese physical appearances to justify your hatred.
so this is complete waste of time, but you gave me the link, did you read those link that you gave?
either u did not understand what you read (because you are dumb) or you have hidden motif
without further ado, I will paste the whole $hit here, unlike u which only pasted one sentence suited to ur agenda, I will paste the whole $hit!
QUOTE
Haplogroup O2a (Y-DNA)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Haplogroup O2a
Possible time of origin
Possible place of origin
Ancestor O2
Descendants O2a1, O2a2
Defining mutations M95
In genetics, Haplogroup O2a (M95) is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.
Haplogroup O2a is a descendent branch of Haplogroup O2. Its closest extant phylogenetic relatives are the Haplogroup O2* Y-chromosomes found at a low frequency throughout most of East Eurasia and the Haplogroup O2b Y-chromosomes found at low frequencies among the indigenous populations of Inner Mongolia and Manchuria and at much higher frequencies in Korea and Japan.
[edit] Distribution
Haplogroup O2a is distributed widely in Asia, from southern India to the Altai Mountains and Central Asia in the west, and from Indonesia to northern China and Japan in the east. It is found only at marginally low frequencies of approximately 1% at the periphery of its distribution in southern India, Central Asia, northern China, and Japan, but many populations within the vast intervening territory in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and southern China display a greatly elevated frequency of Haplogroup O2a Y-chromosomes. Patrilines within Haplogroup O2a predominate among the Austro-Asiatic populations of South and Southeast Asia, such as the Khmer of Cambodia and the Khasi of Meghalaya in northeastern India. Some researchers have reported that slightly over half of all men in a composite sample of Austro-Asiatic speakers belonged to Haplogroup O2a. Haplogroup O3 (M122), which attains its peak frequency among the Sino-Tibetan and Hmong–Mien peoples of China and Southeast Asia, and Haplogroup O1a (M119), which predominates among Taiwanese aborigines and many populations of the Philippines, also generally occur among speakers of Austro-Asiatic languages in South China and the Indochinese Peninsula, but usually at much lower frequencies than Haplogroup O2a. The hypothesis that Haplogroup O2a was the major Y-chromosome haplogroup of the proto-Austro-Asiatic population is strengthened by the fact that Haplogroup O2a is the only haplogroup found among many Austro-Asiatic-speaking tribes, such as the Juang of mainland India and the Shompen of the Nicobar Islands.[1][2]
Haplogroup O2a also has been observed with high frequency in samples of Daic-speaking peoples of Thailand and neighboring areas, which may reflect assimilation of the older Austro-Asiatic Mon–Khmer populations that have left ample evidence of their presence in the region prior to the immigration of Daic speakers.
Outside of the region in which Austro-Asiatic languages are currently spoken or have a historically attested presence, Haplogroup O2a reaches its highest frequencies among the populations of the islands of Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Borneo in western and central Indonesia.[3] Haplogroup O2a has been found to be by far the most common Y-chromosome haplogroup among the Balinese, occurring in approximately 58.6% (323/551) of a sample of Balinese men; Haplogroup O1a-M119 and Haplogroup O3-M122, which are typical of Austronesian peoples outside of Malaysia and Indonesia, were observed in only 18.1% (100/551) and 6.9% (38/551) of Balinese men.[4] Haplogroup O2a has also been found to be the most frequently occurring haplogroup among Malay men in Singapore.[5] The reason for its substantial presence in these populations, all of which are Austronesian-speaking, is yet to be elucidated.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_O2a_%28Y-DNA%29QUOTE
Haplogroup O2b (Y-DNA)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Haplogroup O2b
Possible time of origin 6,300 [95% CI 600–37,000] years ago[1]
Possible place of origin Manchuria or a nearby part of northern East Asia
Ancestor O2
Defining mutations M176/SRY465, P49, 022454
Highest frequencies Japanese 32%[2] (26%[3][4]-36%[1]), Koreans 30%[5] (19%[3][6]-40%[1]), Okinawans 23%[7] (22%[8]-23%[9]), Manchus 19%[10] (4%[11]-34%[1])
Haplogroup O2b (SRY465, a.k.a. M176) is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is a descendant haplogroup of Haplogroup O2. Haplogroup O2b is found mainly in the northernmost parts of East Asia, from the Uriankhai and Zakhchin peoples of western Mongolia[1] to the Japanese of Japan, though it also has been detected sporadically in the Buryats[3] and Udegeys[12] of southern Siberia, very rarely among populations of Southeast Asia (including Indonesia,[8][3] the Philippines,[3] Thailand,[3] and Vietnam[8][3]), and Micronesians].[8] This haplogroup is found with its highest frequency and diversity values among modern populations of Japan and Korea and is absent from most populations in China, but it has been detected in some samples of Han Chinese from Beijing[3] and Jiangsu,[13] Daurs,[14] Hezhes,[14] Koreans in China,[14][1] Manchus,[14][1][11] and Sibes.[14]
Subgroups
The phylogeography of Haplogroup O2b suggests an ancient origin in Manchuria or a nearby part of northern East Asia, followed by a long period of isolated evolution and population increase in the vicinity of the Korean Peninsula. Only branches of this haplogroup that are labeled as Haplogroup O2b*, i.e. those that do not exhibit the 47z mutation, have been detected among the indigenous populations of Inner Mongolia and northern Manchuria, and even then they are found only at very low frequencies. However, Haplogroup O2b* Y-chromosomes have been detected with high frequency in Korea, where they account for approximately 14%[3][4][14] to 33%[8] of the Korean male population.
Haplogroup O2b1
Possible time of origin 7,870 [95% CI 5,720–12,630] years ago[8]
Possible place of origin Korean Peninsula or Japanese Archipelago[3][8]
Ancestor O2b
Defining mutations 47z
Highest frequencies Japanese 24%[15] (19%[3]-25%[8][9]), Okinawans 17%[16] (11%[8]-20%[9]), Koreans 8%[17] (4%[8][11]-12%[14]), Manchus 7%[18] (0%[11][8][14]-19%[4])
A subclade of Haplogroup O2b, namely Haplogroup O2b1-47z, is found with high frequency among the Yamato people and Ryukyuan populations of Japan. Haplogroup O2b1 has been detected in approximately 22% of all males who speak a Japonic language, while it has not been found at all among a total of twenty Ainu males whose Y-DNA has been sampled in two genetic studies.[8][19] Based on the STR haplotype diversity within Haplogroup O2b1, it has been estimated that this haplogroup began to experience a population expansion among the proto-Japanese of approximately 4,000 years ago, which makes it a good candidate for a marker of the intrusion of a Neolithic population of the prehistoric Korean Peninsula into the southwestern parts of the Japanese Archipelago. However, the parent haplogroup, O2b*, is also found among Japanese, although at a relatively low frequency of approximately 4%[14] to 8%[9], and the descendant haplogroup O2b1 is found only with low frequency among samples of modern Koreans, which suggests the possibility that Haplogroup O2b* might have colonized the Japanese Archipelago much earlier, with the subgroup O2b1 subsequently evolving within the proto-Japanese-Ryukyuan population of the western parts of the archipelago.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_O2b_%28Y-DNA%29QUOTE
Haplogroup O3 (Y-DNA)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article's lead section may not adequately summarize its contents. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of the article's key points. (May 2008)
Haplogroup O3
Possible time of origin 10,000[1] to 30,000[2] years ago
Possible place of origin China[1] or Southeast Asia[2]
Ancestor O
Defining mutations M122
Highest frequencies Derung 100%,[2] Nishi 94%,[3] Adi 89%,[3] Tamang 87%,[4] Achang 82.5%,[2] Apatani 82%,[3] Naga 76%,[3] Nu 70%[2]-86%,[5] She 63%[6]-74%,[7] Bai 48%[2][5]-82%,[2] Yao 34%[7]-83%,[7] Miao 44%[2]-70%,[6] Han 30%[8]-74%,[9] Garo 55%[10]-59%,[11] Tujia 53%[6]-54%,[2] Filipinos 33%[12]-62%,[13] Va 48%,[2] Lisu 47%[2]-65%,[5] Shui 20%[14]-70%,[2] Hezhe 44%,[7] Vietnamese 39%[13]-41%,[6] Manchu 38%[6]-43%,[15] Koreans 32%[15]-47%,[16] Lahu 36%[5]-43%,[2] Qiang 36%,[7] Western Yugur 35%,[17] Tibetans 32%[5] [10%[17]-45%[5]], Eastern Yugur 31%,[17] Salar 30%,[18] Khasi 29%[10]-32%,[11] Malaysians 31%,[6] Yi 29% [20%-44%],[5] Bonan 28%,[18] Hani 18%[7]-47%,[5] Hui/Dungans 17%[7][19]-40%,[20] Polynesians 25%[12][21]-32.5%,[22] Sibe 27%,[7] Daur 26%,[7] Thai 16%,[13]-35%[2][23] Dongxiang 24%,[18] Manchurian Evenks 23%[7]-24%,[6] Mosuo 23%,[24] Micronesians 18%[12]-27%,[22] Zhuang 16%[6]-29%,[22] Dai 22% [3%-40%],[25] Blang 21%,[2] Newar 21%,[4] Japanese 16%[15]-23%,[7] Okinawans 16%[12]-21%,[26] Buyei 4%[25]-31%,[7] Cambodians 14%[2]-22%,[27] Mongolians 8%[20]-23%[12]
In human genetics, Haplogroup O3 (M122) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup.
Contents
[hide]
1 Origins
2 Distribution
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
[edit] Origins
Haplogroup O3 is a descendant haplogroup of haplogroup O. Some researchers believe that it first appeared in China approximately 10,000 years ago[1], while others believe it to have had an origin in Southeast Asia approximately 25,000-30,000 years ago.[2] The prehistoric peopling of East Asia by modern humans remains controversial with respect to early population migrations. In a systematic sampling and genetic screening of an East Asian–specific Y-chromosome haplogroup (O3-M122) in 2,332 individuals from diverse East Asian populations, results indicate that the O3-M122 lineage is dominant in East Asian populations, with an average frequency of 44.3%. Microsatellite data show that the O3 haplotypes are more diverse in Southeast Asia than those in northern East Asia.[2] This suggests a southern origin of the O3-M122 mutation to be likely.
[edit] Distribution
Although Haplogroup O3 appears to be primarily associated with Chinese populations, it also forms a significant component of the Y-chromosome diversity of most modern populations of the East Asian region. Haplogroup O3 is found in over 50% of all modern Chinese males (with frequency ranging from 30/101 = 29.7% among Pinghua-speaking Hans in Guangxi[8] to 110/148 = 74.3% among Hans in Changting, Fujian[9]), about 40% of Manchu, Korean, and Vietnamese males, about 33.3%[12] to 62%[13][28] of Filipino males, about 10.5%[22] to 55.6%[22] of Malaysian males, about 10% (4/39 Guide County, Qinghai)[17] to 45% (22/49 Zhongdian County, Yunnan)[5] of Tibetan males, about 20% (10/50 Shuangbai, northern Yunnan)[24] to 44% (8/18 Xishuangbanna, southern Yunnan)[5][6] of Yi males, about 25% of Zhuang[29] and Indonesian[30] males, and about 16%[15][31] to 20%[12] of Japanese males. The distribution of Haplogroup O3 stretches far into Central Asia (approx. 40% of Dungans,[20] 30% of Salars,[18] 28% of Bonan,[18] 24% of Dongxiang,[18] 18% to 22.8%[12] of Mongolians, 12% of Uyghurs,[20] 9% of Kazakhs,[20] 6.2% of Altayans,[32] and 4.1% of Uzbeks[20]) and Oceania (approx. 25%[12] to 32.5%[22] of Polynesians, 18%[12] to 27.4%[22] of Micronesians, and 5% of Melanesians[33]), albeit with reduced frequencies of most subclades. It should be noted that Haplogroup O3* Y-chromosomes, which are not defined by any identified downstream markers, are actually more common among certain non-Han Chinese populations than among Han Chinese ones, and the presence of these O3* Y-chromosomes among various populations of Central Asia, East Asia, and Oceania is more likely to reflect a very ancient shared ancestry of these populations rather than the result of any historical events. It remains to be seen whether Haplogroup O3* Y-chromosomes can be parsed into distinct subclades that display significant geographical or ethnic correlations.
Haplogroup O3 is also found very frequently among populations of Northeast India (Garo 42/71 = 59.2%,[11] Khasi 112/353 = 31.7%[11]) and Nepal (Tamang 39/45 = 86.7%, Newar 14/66 = 21.2%, general population of Kathmandu 16/77 = 20.8%).[4]
Among all the populations of East and Southeast Asia, Haplogroup O3 is most closely associated with those that speak a Sinitic, Tibeto-Burman, or Hmong–Mien language. Haplogroup O3 comprises about 50% or more of the total Y-chromosome variation among the populations of each of these language families. The Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman language families are generally believed to be derived from a common Sino-Tibetan protolanguage, and most linguists place the homeland of the Sino-Tibetan language family somewhere in northern China. The Hmong–Mien languages and cultures, for various archaeological and ethnohistorical reasons, are also generally believed to have derived from a source somewhere north of their current distribution, perhaps in northern or central China. The Tibetans, however, despite the fact that they speak a language of the Tibeto-Burman language family, have high percentages of the otherwise rare haplogroups D1 and D3, which are also found at much lower frequencies among the members of some other ethnic groups in East Asia and Central Asia.
Haplogroup O3 has been implicated as a diagnostic genetic marker
of the Austronesian expansion when it is found in populations of Oceania. Its distribution in Oceania is mostly limited to the traditionally Austronesian culture zones, including moderately high frequencies in the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Polynesia, with generally lower frequencies found in coastal and island Melanesia, Micronesia, and Taiwanese aboriginal tribes.
The subgroup O3a5-M134 is particularly closely associated with Sino-Tibetan populations, and it is generally not found outside of areas where a Sino-Tibetan language is currently spoken or that are historically supposed to have undergone Chinese colonization or immigration, such as Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Indonesia. However, its presence among non-Sino-Tibetan populations is always very limited and never amounts to more than 10% of the total Y-chromosome diversity. There are also reports that Y-chromosomes belonging to Haplogroup O3a5 have been sampled from populations of such far-flung places as Western Samoa. Surprisingly, Haplogroup O3a5-M134 Y-chromosomes have also been found in about 1% to 3% of indigenous Australian men in the northwest of that continent, which might indicate that a certain degree of contact has occurred between the Austronesian expansion from Asia and some indigenous Australian populations. The fact that Haplogroup O3a5 is so strongly associated with Chinese populations, however, and the fact that no Y-chromosome haplogroups characteristic of Austronesian populations have been found among these indigenous Australian populations may be taken to suggest the possibility of some direct Chinese-Australian contact in the precolonial era. Within Japan, the subgroup O3a5-M134 forms the majority of the haplogroup O3 Y-chromosomes detected.
Haplogroup O3's brother clade, Haplogroup O1, displays a similar geographical distribution, being found among nearly all the populations of East and Southeast Asia, but generally at a frequency much lower than that of Haplogroup O3. Another brother clade, Haplogroup O2, has an impressive extent of dispersal, as it is found among the males of populations as widely separated as the Kolarians of India and the Japanese of Japan; however, Haplogroup O2's distribution is much more patchy, and the Haplogroup O2 Y-chromosomes found among the Mundas and the Japanese belong to distinct subclades.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_O3_%28Y-DNA%29Conclusion:
O2 spread all over asian pop
O2b origin from manchuria! so if u want to relate korean with southeas asian DONT LEAVE OUT MANCHU AND MONGOLS! OK! predominantly among northeastern
O2a predominantly among SEA
O3 origin: most likely SEA, highest found among Sino-Tibetan, Hmong–Mien peoples of China and Southeast Asia, spread to china and to southeast asian males pop.
QUOTE
It doesn't matter how you think Han Chinese look like, because it just your opinion, not fact. Looks/physical appearance is a subjective issue. By the way, Han Chinese in southeast asia do not mix with southeast asian natives. They are genetically the same and as pure as those Han Chinese in China.
it is not only a fact, but it is common sense, u can tell KOREAN and SEA apart MOST LIKELY YOU WILL BE, korean can overlap with SEA but less likely,
han chinese almost 1 billion ppl, han chinese can look korean, japanese, SEA, etc. or a mixture of all them.
look at those genetic research han chinese genes are veried, from O2a to O2b to O3 can be found among chinese, just to remind you O3 most likely originated from SOUTHEAST ASIA (according to your wikipedia) because highest diversified among SEA population
the chinese mixing with the SEA a lot how do i know? , I LIVE THERE idiot! these ppl are my friends and families LOL
even a lot of chinese in SEA have european ancestry n later they are mixing with SEA, the same pattern u'll find in filipine, thailand, indonesia, singapore...etc...go to all these countries live there, n u will see!! those datuk mak cik n pak cik in malaysia have chinese names, go out, buy a ticket travel around, or READ MORE MORE....even if u are idiot cant understand wht u read, but keep reading, finally u'll get it!
why do everyone claim they are connected with korean from the turk to SEA why? is it bcz korean are pretty?, do they want to claim it was their genes that make the korean look like that? lol
the turk called them altaic blood brother LOL, SEA call them what? their young brother?, the TURK AND THE SEA SOMEHOW CONNECTED THRU KOREAN LOL!!!! how so?
fact is in ancient times the chinese mixing with the turk, arabs, persians, europeans, sea, tibetans, mongolians, etc.....they are all contributed to how han chinese are today
while the korean are homogenous for thousand of years
but look at the two generations today....
korean ancestor must have DONE SOMETHING RIGHT, while our chinese ancestor must have screwed us up! but i'm happy pls do not associate ur own kind with us, but live up to ur word dont be like vietnamese ho chi minh
