QUOTE (華夏無產 @ Jan 12 2005, 11:54 PM)
1. Fill in the blanks:
A:
The ROC anthem, _(1)_ was originally part of a speech given by Dr. Sun Zhongshan at _(2)_
B:
The _(1)_, which began on October 10, 1911 was a part of a larger political movement called _(2)_
2. In what year did Yuan Shikai declare himself Emperor?
3. Who was in charge of the Communist-controlled forces at Wuhan at the time of Wu Beifu's defeat?
Short essay:
3. What were the three factors which led to the success of the 1911 Revolution? Explain.
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Long Essay on Modern Chinese Ethnonationalistic Theory:
Discuss the strategy for the development of "Revolutionary Ideology" with regard to the post-modern "biopolicy" of nihilism.
A:
1) 三民主義 Three Principles of People
2) 黃埔軍校 Huangpu Military Academy
B:
1) 武昌起義 Wuchang Uprising
2) 辛亥革命 Xinhai Revolution
2 : 1916
3 : was it Chen Duxiu 陳獨秀? I read the KMT sources so they don't mention the CCP a lot.
Short Essay :
Yuan Shikai's attitude and his "shaking-the-tree" theory. Yuan's subordinate, Feng Guozhang was defeating the revolutionaries at Wuchang, and Hanyang. However, Yuan Shikai wanted to keep the revolutionaries alive in order to threaten the Qing monarchs. When Feng Guozhang showed disapproval, Yuan replaced Feng with Duan Qirui. Yuan wanted to keep the revolutionaries and Qing fighting, so his Beiyang Army would have the upper hand. He proposed to the Qing court to start constitutional monarchy immediately, yet he had close contact with Wang Jingwei. He ordered Feng Guozhang to fight the revolutionaries, yet at the same time, ordered Duan Qirui to negotiate with them peacefully. Finally, when the peaceful negotiation was almost at its success, Sun Yixian came to Nanjing and pronounced himself as the provisional president of Republic of China. Yuan got angry at first, but they finally came to agreement that whoever make Emperor Puyi abdicate, he would be the president of Republic of China. Yuan sent Tang Shaoyi to the south and start a secret negotiation. However, Yuan didn't report it to the court. Instead, he let the information out to a journalist of London Times. When the QIng officials saw that news in the newspaper, they were in panic. And then, Yuan ordered 42 commanders of the Beiyang Army (the only sufficient military force the Qing could depend on) to protest against the war. This action again shocked the monarchs. A Manchu royalty, Liang Bi, created a radical, all-Manchu party to eliminate all who posed a threat to the monarchy. The main target was, of course, Yuan Shikai. However, Liang Bi was assassinated and the Manchu radicals could no longer stop Yuan.