I'm really curious as to how similar or different the Mongolian and Turkish languages are, taking into accounts their contribution to the history of the Eurasian Steppe.

Thanx.

there are soo many common words. and gramatics are aslo the same. both of them are altaic languages.


and then let's add some words.. here is mines:
Emirag=emrah=emre means lover

Kurultay
oba
uruk
han
botoor=batır=bahadır

"Dalda" = secret, hidden in Mongolian
"Dulda" = nook, in land-steppe protected place from sun, wind, rain / hidden place, shelter. in Türkiye Turkish

"Karamık- karamuk" = a kind of weed having a black color in wheat or diseased-black wheat ( in both Turkish and Mongolian )

titzek <=> chichek (flower)

altan <=> altın (gold)

ak <=> ak (white)

"Karakorum" !

guy (mng) = uyy=üyy=ev

kiiz

tavar = mal, eşya / goods, eds (MN)
davar = koyun-keçi ve sürüleri / sheep and goats and hordes (TR)

şe - (she-) = işemek, idrar atmak / to pee, urinate (MN)
işe -, siy- = işemek, idrar atmak / to pee, urinate (TR)

beserek = kırma,melez / hybrid, mongrel (MN)
beserek = tek hörgüçlü deve ile çift hörgüçlü devenin kırması, melezi / hybrid camel of two-
humped camel and one-humped camel (TR)

here some words that i know...

Mongol: Yasa = Turkish: Yasa ==> law

Turkish and Mongolian are in the Altai language group. So they have the same sentence structure etc. It was so easy to learn Turkish for me , but forgot it easily after 5-6 years

yes i would love to learn mongolian. and after mongolian, the near languages are japaneese, finnish and hungarian.

you can still write good Turkish, bravo!

So you know little bit Turkish, you can point out many similarities Go ahead

haha that's makes me learn turkish lang

Mongolian & Turkish both have suffixes .
e.g:
Mongolian: yav + h = yavah (to go)
ir + h = ireh (to come)
Turkish: git+mek=gitmek (to go)
gel + mek - gelmek (to come)

So you easily can recognize those "h" and "mek (mak)" are suffixes that make verbs

lol bitterlimon, thats why both languages are in the same linguistic family

japaneze and korean has those suffixes too

do mongolian has those suffixes too:

in Turkish afyon = a city in Turkey,
afyon'lu means from afyon, "lu" suffix is added here on the back of the word afyon wich means from/of but we can add more suffixes to that word, an example:

afyon'lulardanmisin? => means "Are you the one from afyon?", again "lu" means from, "lardan" means the one(s) and "misin" means are you. If you completely translate "afyon'lulardanmisin" with a translater to english word by word you got this "afyon from the one(s) are you"

how to say hello in turkey? In mongolia sounds "Sain uu"

-lar/ler makes words plural.




selam is mostly used. but it's arabic. we say "esen" or "esenlikler" or "esen üzerine olsun". esen means being healty and happy sth like that. esen is the most informal. esenlikler is more formal and esen üzerinizge olsun is the most formal. it's like sein bein huu, sein huu, and sain uu. am i right?

"Sain uu?" is relatively modern. That's what you hear from "toddlers", myself included. The old timers will be more familiar with "esen mend uu?" or "amar mend uu?". So here's another similarity with the expression "esen mend", which roughly meant "unhurt" or "in one piece". Just one more for you to note my Turkish friends. Keep it up.

lol that's what i'm talking about, that's why we are enumerating the similarities

Yes, we do have that suffix. Like:
Mongolian: Darkhan (a city in Mongolia).
We ask "Darkhaniixuu?" That's the suffix "-iix"






What about Merhaba? It's the most commonly used greeting word, isn't it?
Like "Merhaba cocuklar"?

yes also merhaba, i forgot it bec i use esen. then what does "esen" means in mongolian? and also does "sein huu" means sth like "are you ok?" ?

hmmm, how is "iix" pronounced? something like "iigh" or does that "x" have "s" sound?

x=h, it's pronounced like h in hanim.

Thanks

Many geographical names are in Ancient languages, maybe turkic.

1. Lake Huvsgul- this name has turkic origin - Huv + hoh (gok) + su + gul

Huv ? -hoh (gok) means - blue
su - is turkish water. Water is US in Mongolian language.
gul - is lake in Turkic.
So in old time the name was goksugul (koksukul)
- blue water lake-

It become Huvsugul - in modern Mongolian

2. Lake Uvs- it might be uv + su =uvsu
Meaning ???

3. Lake Khyargas - this word Khyargas may be stands for Kyrgyz. Former president of Kyrgyzstan Akaev visited Mongolia, area of the lake Khyargas, brought some water in glass from lake Issykkol and poured it into Kyargaz lake, symbolizing connection of the 2.

Lake Baigal

- River Selenge
- River Orkhon
- River Onon

hımmm.... uvsu.....

may it be ulı? ulı su means great water. ulu, but spelled as ulı in ancient times. but jsut a guess....

hi to everyone..Also some uzbek words similar with mongolian .For example; In Uzbek botir or bahodir-batir,arslon-arslan,suv means in uzbek water,i believe in mongolian milk,oltin-altin,sarimsoq-sarimseeq ,i dont remember what else.But definetly a lot of words like mongolian.

Let me add some Mongolian input/ confirmation
[quote]
1- Emirag=emrah=emre means lover - Modern Mongolian word "Amrag" - also means lover

2. Kurultay - Modern Mongolian word - "Huriltai" -"khuriltai" - also means parlament. khural- hural means smaller meeting, gathering. Temujin was elected from khuriltai of Mongol clans as Chinggis Khaan
3. oba - Modern Mongolian word -"obo" "ovoo" smaller hill or stone pile on top of mountain

4. uruk - ? what is the meaning. Modern Mongolian has many words similar. urakh, urekh, urkh

5. han - khan minor king -khaan king.

6. botoor=batır=bahadır -
This word is very wide spread Mongolian word. Mongolian meaning is in English HERO or KNIGHT, brave man. Old mongolian script writes it as BAGATUR. Modern Mongolians say BAATAR. As you see these word can be -
BATIR
BATAAR-
BAHADIR-
BOHADIR
BOGATYRI - russian knight[/i]

7. "Dalda" = secret, hidden in Mongolian.
"Dulda" = nook, in land-steppe protected place from sun, wind, rain / hidden place, shelter. in Türkiye Turkish
8. "Karamık- karamuk" = a kind of weed having a black color in wheat or diseased-black wheat ( in both Turkish and Mongolian ) is that Mongolian kharmag ? I know it is some kind of plant.
8. titzek <=> chichek (flower) . This really widely used word. Mongolians say TSETSEG refers to any flower as generic term.
9. altan <=> altın (gold). This one is also widely used in Mongolian. ALTAN - golden. My classmate girls's name was ALTANTSETSEG - Golden flower.
10. ak <=> ak (white) . In Mongolian language White is Tsagaan ( official grammatik) , depending on the region, people tsagaan- chagaan- tsegeen. Name of 2nd Son of Chinggis khaan is Tsagaadai/ Chagadai which means whitish. The word AK might explain the name of some river and lake. There is river named EG or AG (in Mongolian we say Egiin /Agiin/ gol)
11. Gol - Mongolian word for River is GOL, Sounds like turkic GUL -lake
12. tavar = mal, eşya / goods, eds (MN) In Mongolia, we still use words Tavaar for goods. It is Russian language TOVARi
13. şe - (she-) = işemek, idrar atmak / to pee, urinate (MN). SHEE is urinate in Mongolian language
işe -, siy- = işemek, idrar atmak / to pee, urinate (TR)



[quote name='nicol_khan' date='May 25 2006, 10:22 AM' post='1883474']
hi to everyone..Also some uzbek words similar with mongolian .For example; In Uzbek botir or bahodir-batir,arslon-arslan,suv means in uzbek water,i believe in mongolian milk,oltin-altin,sarimsoq-sarimseeq ,i dont remember what else.But definetly a lot of words like mongolian.
[/quote]

1. Bahodir- as explained above
2. Arslan is also Mongolian word for lion.
3. suv (uz)-su (tu) - water is US in Mongolian. Word for milk is SUU in Mongolian.
4. Altin as explained above.
5. sarimsoq-sarimseeq - Is that word for garlic. Mongolian word is sarimsag for garlic

uzbek also a part of turkish. uzbek is a dialect of turkic language.

Isn't Uzbek dialect of Kazakh? Or both Uzbek & Kazakh are dialect of Turkish? So confusing.
lol Tengi, dun say Mongolian is a dialect of Turkish

i mean all turkic language with turkish.

but if we sperate turkish, it will be like that:

-altai, siberia (sakas, dolgans, altaians,... etc)
-kypchak group (kazakh, tatar, kyrgiz..)
-oghuz - karluq group (turkmen, uighur, uzbek, turkish, azeri... etc)
-chuvash group (only chuvashes i think. but i heart that chuvash is very similar to tatar, bu i don't know. bec i haven't meet a chuvash turk yet)

Thanx guys, so basically Mongolian and Turkish languages have similar sentence structures, as well as having many similar words.

What are, if any, difference(s) between these two languages?

Differences????? Let me think
They don't understand each other at all...

there are different words and we cant understand each other

In mgl, how would you ask: "Do you know Turkish?"?
And what does "chi ovor mgl yumuu?", mean??
Useful posts, thank you everyone.

Mongolian and Turkish are very similar languages at all.
Half of mongolian population is pure turkic people,who live central and western Mongolia today.
If we look at the history of Kokturk kingdom,u will know who were ancestors of mongol people.
Mongolians are descendands of Kokturk people.
For example about kazak people.They say and confirm that more than 25000 mongolian words they use in kazak.
Kazaks thinks themselves pureturks today.

I know that Turks and Mongols are very similar in many ways, and in the past we were almost the same, right? Did we have the same ancestors? I'm talking about beyond 1-2 thousand years ago. Because we all came down from Siberia to Mongolia and Central Asia.

We"ll understand each other well,if we talk about nomad life.
We will not understand each other,if we talk about europian civilizition that we"ve got just few years before together.
All names of things in mongolian and turkish relating to nomad life are allmost same.

Is there anyone from turkic tribes here?
Let"s show them!!!

what up !!!

*salutes*

I allso rememberd Kaburgah/kaburga = rib (loan word from mongolian in Turkic)

This is Khalkh-mongolian dialect.
Please write in your turkic dialect.
There are too many same words.

Buga
maral
ili
bars
irves
shonkhor
khokhoo
bukh
ishge
agt
buur
inge
botgo
khoni
sakhal
khuuz
magnai
khud
khar
shar
khokh
agi
mal
tol
ayaga
tavag
shanaga
bulag
khudag
beltreg
khargana
khus
samar
devter
urag
olz
otgon
tag
khuruud
agaa
ajaa
chagtaga
bagana
.................

^hehe

first of all I don't know mongolian + my dialact is pretty much not spoken anymore only my grandfather and his brothers speak it in the family

Hazara's use the same word for rib.

buga => boga means bull
maral => maral/meral means female deer
bars =>pars a wild animal, big cat
sakhal => sakal beard (is this the right meaning in mongolian???)
khokh => gök means sky and also blue
mal=> mal animals like sheep cows horses etc
khus=> kush (bird) or kus-(mak) to vomit???
tag=> dag/tag/tau(some different dialects) (muntain) or "tak-mak" (to attach, to affix, to fasten etc)
khuuz => may it be "kuzu" means sheep in turkish????
aghaa may it be aga means elder brotler or as it is used in small towns like lord????


theese are some of my guesses for some of your words =)

^kuzu = lam

Hey I understand ‘mal’ and ‘aghaa’. Here are some Hazara Mongol words that I think is similar to Turkic:
Ata = Dad
Aba = Mom
Aja or ajai = An old respected lady eg grandma
Baatur = Someone strong and handsome eg hero
Bai = Someone rich
Baidada or baiberdi = Losing something
Beg = big and it's also used after people's names
Nokar = Someone who serves the Khaan
Komak = Help
Bola = Cousin
Abagha = Uncle
Jiji = Mother’s breast
Ezna = Your wife’s bro
Oqra = Eye
Tokh = To see
Tolgha = Top of your head
Sawghat = A gift to Khaan
Tawlai = Rabbit :P
LOL I think there's heaps :P so better stop here...
I don't know Turkish so I'm just guessing. Please correct me if you find something wrong.

4. uruk - ? what is the meaning. Modern Mongolian has many words similar. urakh, urekh, urkh

Uruk-hud Urag.urag,elken,Urgiin bichig

let me give the same words in turkish:

ata-the same
aba => ana mom
baatur=> baatur, bahadır, batar, batır hero
bai => the same
beg => the same
nokar => nöker
bola => bala child
abagha => amuca or amca means uncle but only your father's brother
togha => tolga the same and there is a meaning too which means a kind of helmet used in wars
tawlai => tavshan or tabıshgan rabbit

[quote name='TeNGRiKuT' date='Jun 25 2007, 01:08 AM' post='3023828']
let me give the same words in turkish:

ata-We use aav\etseg\. ata means male camel without.....
aba => ana mom same ania
baatur=> baatur, bahadır, batar, batır hero --baatar
bai => allmost same -bayan
beg => the same -bekh
nokar => nöker -nokhor
abagha => amuca or amca means uncle but only your father's brother -same we say as avga

It says that Mongolian and Turkish were one lang.
How about animals name?

arslan-lion
bars - tiger
irves-snow bars
tekh-wild goat
burged-eagle
shonkhor-falcon
temee-camel
inge-famale camel
buur-male camel with.....
botgo-baby camel

Excellent! I enjoy this
Let me write some more:
Beri = Bride
Ojaagh = Ancient heater to cook food and etc :P
Aika = Mother <---more respectful to say than "abai"
Olja = Stuff you get from defeating your enemies
Bikai or bekai = Someone(female) like auntie
Dalu = Shoulder
Awlang = Green grasslands
Bili = Leather gloves
Paisa or paiza = Money

It says that Mongolian and Turkish were one lang.
How about animals name?

arslan-lion
bars - tiger
irves-snow bars
tekh-wild goat
burged-eagle
shonkhor-falcon
temee-camel
inge-famale camel
buur-male camel with.....
botgo-baby camel


hmmm let me think

arslan => lion
pars => tiger another word for tiger is kaplan or kapgan in ancient times
tekhe => a kind of goat but i am not sure i think it is male goat
shonkhor => shunkar or shahin means falcon
temee => teve/deve camel
bugra (it is spelled as buura) i am not sure but it must be baby camel i am sure it is a word for some camels posibbly baby camel as i remember
there is no special word for smow pars and if there is i dont know
and eagle is kartal in turkish of turkey i think it is kush in kazakh

are there more

tekhe => a kind of goat but i am not sure i think it is male goat- Exellent. same.in mongolian male goat !!!
eagle is kartal in turkish of turkey i think it is kush in kazakh -I think in kazak -Burkit.I watched on tv few months ago the mongolian kazaks had the celebration as named "Altin burkit" wich means golden eagle.I still remember.

tekhe => a kind of goat but i am not sure i think it is male goat

Wow brother . You told me my mistake.Wonderful.

hehehe here you go

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 4 =
________________________________________________________________________


T�rkce Ingilizce Redhouse S”zl�g�, Istanbul 1974

T�rkce S”zl�g�, Ankara 1959



Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 5 =
________________________________________________________________________


I. Complementary Pairs

1.0 a

1.1 a: a

altIn gold $ altan @ gold
al red $ al @ red
at horse $ agta @ gelding
av chase, hunt $ aba @ chase, hunt
baghla- to tie, to fasten $ bagla- @ to tie in bunches
carla- to make known $ zarla- @ to order, make
known
chagh time, period $ cag @ time, period,
season, age
dal back, shoulder $ dalu @ shoulder blade,
scapula
sal raft $ sal @ raft
ulak courier, messenger $ ulag-a @ relay horses
burchak common vetch $ burcag @ bean
dayak (to beat with a $ tayag @ cane, staff, stick
cane)
hakan khan, ruler, $ xagan @ emperor, khan
emperor



1.2 a: „

ara- to look for $ „ri- @ to look for
gIdIkla- to tickle $ g„d„g„l„- @ to tickle
dalak spleen $ d„lig�� @ spleen
olcay Happiness (a proper $ ”lz„i @ luck, happiness,
name), luck, happi- success
ness, success
aghla- to cry, to weep $ „g„gl„- @ to wail



1.3 a: i

ara- to look for $ „ri- @ to look for
chalkalan- to make waves $ calgila- @ to splash; to wash
over
dalak spleen $ d„lig�� @ spleen
kasharlI old $ xasir @ well trained
arak sweet liquor $ ariki @ liquor
soghan onion $ songgin-a @ onion
sallak naked $ shalig @ profligate, lewd,
obscene
yansha- to be talkative $ yangsi- @ to prattle, jabber




Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 6 =
________________________________________________________________________

1.4 a: o

pulat steel $ bolod @ steel
kolan cinch, girth $ olong @ belly
chulpan Venus $ colmon @ Morning star, Venus
konak hotel, guest's $ xonog @ night (spent)
chamber
otak imperial tent $ otog @ tribe, nation
tak- to dress; to add, $ toxu- @ to put on or over;
attach to saddle



1.5 a: u

bohcha package $ bogcu @ bag, backpack
aldan- to mistake, err $ andu- @ to mistake
kabar- to swell $ xabud- @ to swell
sachak eave(s [of a $ sacug @ tuft, fringe, tas-
building]); fringe sel
topalla- to limp $ dogul- @ to limp, be lame
yara- to use; to profit $ zaru- @ to make use



1.6 a: 0

dadan- to acquire a taste $ dad-, das- @ to become ac-
for customed to; to ac-
quire experience
tapala- to (put a) stopper $ tagla- @ to stop up, cork,
close



1.7 a: aga, aba, uga, ogo, agu

batur -- hero $ bagatur @ hero
bahadIr
dalga wave $ dabalgan @ wave
bora tempest, hurrican $ borugan @ rain
kova bucket, pail $ xobug-a @ well bucket
budala stupid $ bidagu @ stupid, silly



2.0 e

2.1 e: „

elchi ambassador $ „lci @ ambassador
erdem virtue $ „rd„m @ learning, virtue
t�men ten thousand; divi- $ t�m„n @ ten thousand
sion (households)
er male, hero $ „r-„ @ man, male
erk power $ „rk„ @ power


Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 7 =
________________________________________________________________________

gerekche reason, proof $ g„r„ci @ proof
en broadness; most $ „ng @ broad, most
deve camel $ t„m„g„ @ camel
belgi feature $ b„lg„ @ sign, mark, symbol
bel waist $ b„l @ waist; declivity
demir iron $ t„m�r @ iron
kesik cut, truncated $ k„s„g @ part, piece, sec-
tion
serin cool, fresh $ s„rig�n @ cool
seyrek widely set; sparse $ s„yir„g @ thin, sparse
eshek donkey $ „lzig„ @ donkey



2.2 e: i

eshek donkey $ „lzig„ @ donkey
gerekche reason, proof $ g„r„ci @ proof
inek cow $ �niy-„ @ cow
sheker sugar $ sikir @ sugar
kelepir cheap $ kilbar @ cheap
chek- to pull, draw $ cinggaga- @ to pull



2.3 e: a

elma apple $ alim-a @ pear
elmas diamond $ almas @ diamond
yench- to crush $ yanchi- @ to crush
yen- to defeat, attack $ zanci- @ to beat


2.4 e: ”

t�re rule, law $ t”r� @ government, state,
dynasty
t�re- to appear, bring $ t”r”- @ to give birth to
forth
bez fabric $ b”s @ fabric



2.5 e: �

y�rek heart $ zir�k„ @ heart
s�rek flock of cattle $ s�r�g @ group, flock of
cattle
eylem deed, process $ �il„ @ matter, behaviour,
alive


2.6 e: „g„

deve camel $ t„m„g„ @ camel

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 8 =
________________________________________________________________________


ebe midwife; grand- $ „m„g„ @ grand-(mother)
mother
tekle- to miss, to mis- $ t„g„gl„- @ to block, hinder
fire; to stammer,
to stutter
eyer saddle $ „m„g„l @ saddle



2.7 e: 0

aile household, family $ ayil @ village, household,
family, people
kelepir cheap $ kilbar @ cheap




3.0 I

3.1 I: a

altIn gold $ altan @ gold
kIs- to shrink, reduce $ xasu- @ to reduce, shrink
arish pole (of a car) $ aral @ shaft or thill of a
cart



3.2 I: „

gIdIkla- to tickle $ g„d„g„l„- @ to tickle
sIrIk club $ s„r„g„ @ fork
hIrchIn wicked, cruel, bru- $ k„rc„g„i @ wicked, cruel, bru-
tal tal



3.3 I: i

yIl year $ zil @ year
kIl hair $ kilgasu @ hair of the mane
and tail
kIraghI frost $ kiragu @ frost
sIr glaze of pottery ( $ sir @ varnish, lacquer
< arabic sirr)
tanI- to know $ tani- @ to know
tIk- to cram, jam, $ ciki- @ to jam, stuff,
thrust, stick press
yarIm half $ zarim @ part, some, incom-
plete
sIva- to plaster; to $ siba- @ to plaster; to app-
smear ly mud
sakIn- to pay attention; $ saki- @ to observe,
to protect respect, look after

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 9 =
________________________________________________________________________





3.4 I: u

buzaghI calf; fawn $ biragu @ calf in its second
year
kadIn woman, wife $ xatun @ lady, queen, prin-
cess; wife (hon.)
kIraghI frost $ kiragu @ frost
yargI to judge $ zargu @ lawsuit, ligitation
tansIk interesting $ tangsug @ beautiful



3.5 I: aga, agu, igu, „g„

azI molar $ arag-a @ molar, sprocket
katI hard $ xatagu @ hard
arI pure $ arigun @ clean
sIrt back $ s„g„r @ spine, backbone




4.0 i

4.1 i: i

bilgi knowledge, learn- $ bilig @ talent, wisdom
ing, information
bileghi whetstone $ bil„g�� @ whetstone
bin thousand $ mingg-a @ thousand
chiz- to draw, paint $ ziru- @ to draw, paint
chiy dew $ cigig @ dampness, moisture
im mark, trace $ im @ mark
iz scar $ ir @ scar
ikiz twins $ ik„r-„ @ twins
kir dirt, filth $ gkir @ dirt
sicim string, twine, $ sizim @ cord, string, twine
packthread
sindir- to erase $ singg„- @ to dissolve
zindan prison $ gindan @ prison



4.2 i: „

chichek flower $ c„c„g @ flower
deghirmen mill $ t„g„rm-„ @ mill
dingil axis $ t„ngg„lig @ axletree
eghir- to spin $ „g„r„- @ to rotate; to spin,
twist
geghir- to belch, burp, $ k„k„r„- @ to belch, eruct
eructate

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 10 =
________________________________________________________________________


kim who $ k„n @ who
titre- to shiver, tremble, $ c„c„r„- @ to tremble, shake,
shake, quiver (=$ cicir„-) @ shiver, quake,
quiver
belgi feature $ b„lg„ @ sign, mark, symbol
ilk first, initial, $ „ki @ beginning, first
beginning
kip form, type $ k„b @ model, form



4.3 i: a

kelepir cheap $ kilbar @ cheap



4.4 i: o

billur crystal $ bolor @ crystal



4.5 i: �, ��

inek cow $ �niy-„ @ cow
demir iron $ t„m�r @ iron
bilezik bracelet; hand- $ b�l„z„g, finger ring
cuffs; metal ring b„lzig @
bileghi whetstone $ bil„g�� @ whetstone




5.0 o

5.1 o: o

bohcha bundle, package $ bogcu @ bag, backpack
bogh- to strangle, choke $ bogu- @ to bind, tie,
bundle, wrap
bora tempest, hurrican $ borugan @ rain
kolan cinch, girth $ olong @ belly
kon- to rest, sleep $ xono- @ to spend a night
kova bucket, pail $ xobug-a @ well bucket
kovla- ro run down; to $ xobla- @ to slander, vilify
blame
kop- to break, snap $ xobxo @ asunder, apart
koyun sheep $ xoni @ sheep
ordu army $ ordo @ palace
orun place $ oron @ position, place,
area
otak imperial tent $ otog @ tribe, nation (name
of a tribe: Otog)
ot herb(al medicine) $ otaci @ (old) pharmacist,
doctor

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 11 =
________________________________________________________________________


soru- to suck $ soru- @ to suck in, draw in



5.2 o: u

kopchala- to close the but- $ xubcala- @ to dress
tons of a garment
bogha bull $ bux-a @ bull
koch ram $ xuca @ ram
sor- to ask, inquire $ sura- @ to ask, hear about
tolga war helmet $ dugulg-a @ helmet
toklu yearling sheep $ tugul @ calf less than a
year old
yol- to pluck; to pull $ zulgaga- @ to pull out; hold
out tight; seize



5.3 o: a

oymak tribe $ ayimag @ league, tribe
konch leg (of a boot or $ kancu @ sleeve
stocking)



5.4 o: i

yoghur- to knead $ zigura- @ to knead, mix



5.5 o: ”

olcay Happiness (a proper $ ”lz„i @ luck, happiness,
name), luck, happi- success
ness, success



5.6 o: oo, ogo, igu

tor thin net $ toor @ net, hull
toz powder, ashes $ togosu @ ashes, dust
yolcu traveller $ zigulci @ traveller, explorer
tortu sediment, deposit, $ dooradu @ low, lower; insig-
dregs nificant, inferior





Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 12 =
________________________________________________________________________

6.0 ”
6.1 ”: ”

b”l�k part $ b”l”g @ group, part
b”brek kidney $ b”g„r-„ @ kidney, testicle
ch”l desert $ c”l @ desert, desolate
place,
ch”p waste $ c”b @ deposit, sediment
d”l seed, germ; young, $ t”l @ newborn young
offspring animals, issue
g”gh�s breast, nipples $ k”k� @ female breast, n!p-
ples
g”k sky; blue $ k”k„ @ blue
g”l�k pack animal $ k”l”g @ a strong and swift
(= $ k�l�g) @ horse
k”pr� bridge $ k”g”rg„ @ bridge
k”p�k foam $ k”g„s� @ foam
k”r�k bellows $ k”g„rg„ @ bellows
”b�r other, different $ ”g„r-„ @ other, different
”ch hatred $ ”s @ hatred
”r- to plait, knit; to $ ”r�- @ to set in order,
tie; to built, put in line, ar-
erect (a wall) range in a row
s”n- to go out, die down $ s”n”- @ to be extinguished,
(fire) to go out



6.2 ”: �

”k�z ox $ �k„r @ ox
y”n direction, aspect $ z�g @ direction, aspect
”l- to die, wither $ �r„- @ to exhaust,
sacrifice
”lger saying $ �lig„r @ model, story


6.3 ”: o

”bek pile, flock $ obog-a @ pile, flock




7.0 u

7.1 u: u

bughday wheat $ bugudai @ wheat
bughra male camel $ buur-a @ male camel
burchak common vetch $ burcag @ bean
burk- to twist $ muski- @ to turn, twist,
twirl
burun nose $ burantag @ rope (through a
nose)
kuraltay meeting $ xural @ meeting

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 13 =
________________________________________________________________________


kurut dry milk cheese $ xurud @ milk curd
kus- to vomit $ xusu- @ to vomit
tulga (< tughulgha) hel- $ dugulg-a @ helmet
met
tulum animal skin; over- $ tulum @ leather bag
alls; bag pipe
ulak courier, messenger $ ulag-a @ relay horse
ulus nation, people $ ulus @ people, nation;
country, state;
empire, dynasty
urgan rope $ urax-a @ net
uruk clan $ urug @ relatives by mar-
riage
uyak rhyme $ uyangg-a @ harmony, euphony,
melody
ulu- to howl $ uli- @ to howl



7.2 u: o

kum sand, sandstone $ xumag @ fine sand
sungur white falcon $ shongxor @ falcon, gerfalcon
(=$ singxur) @
sokur blind $ soxor @ blind
uchkun spark $ oci @ spark
pulat steel $ bolod @ steel
bul- to find; to dis- $ ol- @ to find
cover
chulpan Venus $ colmon @ Morning star, Venus



7.3 u: i

ulu- to howl $ uli- @ to howl
buzaghI calf; fawn $ biragu @ calf in its second
year
kaburga rib $ xabirg-a @ rib
koru- to protect $ xori- @ to shut in, con-
fine, emprison, en-
close
koyun sheep $ xoni @ sheep
kovcu backbiting; $ xobci @ denunciator,
talebearing slanderer
angut a kind of duck $ anggir @ a kind of yellow
duck



7.4 u: a

chamur mud $ sibar @ mud
duldala- to protect $ daldala- @ to hide, conceal


Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 14 =
________________________________________________________________________




7.5 u: ”

buz ice $ m”s� @ ice
ulu great, high $ ”rl”g @ high



7.6 u: ugu, aga

tulga (< tughulgha) hel- $ dugulg-a @ helmet
met
kuzu lamb $ xurag-a @ lamb




8.0 �

8.1 �: �

g�ch power, force $ k�c� @ power, strength
g�ch difficult(y) $ k�cir @ difficult, tiresome
k�kre- to roar (lion); to $ k�rkir„- @ to growl, grunt,
bellow snarl
s�p�rge broom $ sig�r @ broom
s�r� drove, flock $ s�r�g @ group, flock of
cattle
s�t milk $ s� @ milk
�re- to reproduce; to $ �r„zi- @ to multiply,
multiply, increase propagate; to breed
�rk- to shy, balk $ �rg�- @ to be[come] alarmed
(horse); to be or frightened
frightened
�z�m grape $ �z�m @ grape



8.2 �: ”

b�k�k twisted, bent, $ b”k�g„r @ bent, inclined for-
curved ward
b”l�k part $ b”l”g @ group, part, com-
panion
b�t�n whole, complete, $ b”t”n @ complete, all
all
b�z- to gather, to con- $ b�s„l„- @ to belt, gird; to
strict, to pucker encircle, surround
g�mr�k customs $ k”m�rg„ @ warehouse,
storehouse
t�r kind, sort, type $ t”r�l @ kind, sphere,
branch
t�re rule, law $ t”r� @ government, state,
dynasty

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 15 =
________________________________________________________________________


t�re- to appear, bring $ t”r”- @ to give birth to
forth
b�y� magic, spell, sor- $ b”g„ @ shaman
cery
b�r�- to wrap, to enfold; $ b�ri- @ to cover, envelop
to cover up



8.3 �: „

”k�z ox $ �k„r @ ox
b�y� magic, spell, sor- $ b”g„ @ shaman
cery



8.4 �: i

y�rek heart $ zir�k„ @ heart
y�z face, surface $ zis� @ appearance, fea-
ture, complexion
s�r�- to drag $ cir- @ to drag, haul, pull
along, trail along
the ground



8.5 �: u

s�n- to stretch $ sung- @ to stretch, extend,
(=$ sunu-)@ lengthen
�g� owl $ uguli @ owl



8.6 �: ”g„

g�r�lde- to thunder $ k”g„r�ld�- @ to become excited;
to rejoice




9.0 b

9.1 b:b

bacanak brother-in-law $ baza @ brother-in-law
baghla- to tie, to fasten $ bagla- @ to tie in bunches
baghIr- to shout, yell, cry $ barkira- @ to shout, cry, yell
bal honey, nectar $ bal @ honey, nectar
balta axe $ balta @ sledge hammer; axe
batur -- hero $ bagatur @ hero
bahadIr

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 16 =
________________________________________________________________________


bay gentleman; rich $ bayan @ richness,
prosperity; rich
bek cf. t. pek $ b„ki @ strong, firm,
solid; robust,
vigourous, durable
bel waist $ b„l @ waist; declivity
belgi feature $ b„lg„ @ sign, mark, symbol
bez fabric $ b”s @ fabric
bilgi knowledge, learn- $ bilig @ talent, wisdom
ing, information
bileghi whetstone $ bil„g�� @ whetstone
bogha bull $ bux-a @ bull
boghum knot, joint, node $ bugui - baguu forearm, wrist
@
bohcha bundle, package $ bogcu @ bag, backpack
bora tempest, hurrican $ borugan @ rain
b”brek kidney $ b”g„r-„ @ kidney, testicle
b”l�k part $ b”l”g @ group, part, com-
panion
bughday wheat $ bugudai @ wheat
bughra male camel $ buur-a @ male camel
bulak well, source $ bulag @ source, origin
burchak common vetch $ burcag @ bean
burun nose $ burantag @ rope (through a
nose)
buzaghI calf; fawn $ biragu @ calf in its second
year
kaburga rib $ xabirg-a @ rib



9.2 b: m

bin thousand $ mingg-a @ thousand
boncuk bead $ moncog @ large red ornamen-
tal tassel
suspended from a
horse's neck and/or
breast
b”gh�r- to bellow, low; to $ m”g„r„- @ to moo, low, bellow
moo (of cows)
bunak dotard $ munug @ feeble-minded
buz ice $ m”s� @ ice
burk- to twist $ muski- @ to turn, twist,
twirl
ebe midwife; grand- $ „m„g„ @ grand-(mother)
mother



9.3 b: g

”b�r other, different $ ”g„r-„ @ other, different
gebe pregnant $ k„g„l @ placenta, belly
b”brek kidney $ b”g„r-„ @ kidney, testicle

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 17 =
________________________________________________________________________






10.0 c

10.1 c: z

bacanak brother-in-law $ baza @ brother-in-law
cebe weapon $ z„bs„g @ weapon
car cry, call $ zar @ written order or
instruction; an-
nouncement
carla- to make known $ zarla- @ to order, make
known



10.2 c: c

cengiz Chingis (a name) $ cinggis @ Chinggis (Khan)
boncuk bead $ moncog @ large red ornamen-
tal tassel
suspended from a
horse's neck and/or
breast
dagharcIk leather bag; $ tagarcug @ pocket; purse;
knowledge small bag
yolcu traveller $ zigulci @ traveller, explorer




11.0 ch

11.1 ch: c

chalchene chatterbox, gossip $ calciy-a @ idle talk, nonsense
chalka- to rinse, to wash $ calgi- @ to splash; to wash
off over; to pour over
chalkala- to rinse, to wash $ calgila- @ to splash; to wash
off over
chichek flower $ c„c„g @ flower
chay tea (leaves) $ cai @ tea (leaves)
cheri army $ c„rig @ army
chimdik pinch $ cimki @ pinch (of salt,
tobacco, etc.)
ch”l desert $ c”l @ desert, desolate
place
chin upright, real $ cing @ honest
gerekche reason, proof $ g„r„ci @ proof



11.2 ch: sh

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 18 =
________________________________________________________________________



chamur mud $ sibar @ mud



11.3 ch: z

chim lawn, garden grass $ zim @ turf, sward
achImla- to comment $ azigla- @ to observe, pay at-
tention; to notice,
note
chim- to sink $ zib- @ to sink
uch tip, point, top, $ �z�g�r @ tip, point, summit,
end end; top
ch”kelek cheese made of $ z”g„k„i @ cream
curds



11.4 ch: s

chuval sack $ sumal @ oblong bag or sack
”ch hatred $ ”s @ hatred




12.0 d

12.1 d: d

dal back, shoulder $ dalu @ shoulder blade,
scapula
dalak spleen $ d„lig�� @ spleen
dalga wave $ dabalgan @ wave
gIdIkla- to tickle $ g„d„g„l„- @ to tickle
odun firewood, log $ modu(n) @ wood



12.2 d: t

damga stamp; mark $ tamag-a @ seal, stamp; brand
dayak (to beat with a $ tayag @ cane, staff, stick
cane)
deghirmen mill $ t„g„rm-„ @ mill
demir iron $ t„m�r @ iron
deve camel $ t„m„g„ @ camel
dingil axis $ t„ngg„lig @ axletree
kadIn woman, wife $ xatun @ lady, queen, prin-
cess; wife (hon.)
d”l seed, germ; young, $ t”l @ newborn young
offspring animals, issue



Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 19 =
________________________________________________________________________



12.3 d: k

chimdik pinch $ cimki @ pinch (of salt,
tobacco, etc.)



12.4 d: s

dadan- to acquire a taste $ dad-, das- @ to become ac-
for customed to; to ac-
quire experience



12.5 d: c

adim step, pace $ alcam @ step, pace
dik perpendicular; $ cig @ direction, course;
upright, straight straightness




13.0 f

13.1 f: b

defter book, volume $ d„bt„r @ book, volume




14.0 g

14.1 g: g

dalga wave $ dabalgan @ wave
damga stamp; mark $ tamag-a @ seal, stamp; brand
kaburga rib $ xabirg-a @ rib
yargI to judge $ zargu @ lawsuit, ligitation



14.2 g: x

sungur white falcon $ shongxor @ falcon, gerfalcon
(=$ singxur) @



14.3 g: g

gerekche reason, proof $ g„r„ci @ proof

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 20 =
________________________________________________________________________


gIdIkla- to tickle $ g„d„g„l„- @ to tickle



14.4 g: k

geghir- to belch, burp, $ k„k„r„- @ to belch, eruct
eructate
gev- to mumble, chew $ k„bi- @ to ruminate, chew
the cud
gevrek crisp, brittle, $ k„b„r„g @ brittle, fragile,
crackly frail, flimsy
g”gh�s breast, nipples $ k”k� @ female breast, n!p-
ples
gerek requisite, need, $ k„r„g @ thing (abstr.),
necessity matter, affair
g”k sky; blue $ k”k„ @ blue
g”t�r- to take (away), $ k”t�l- @ to lead; to guide
carry, convey
g”l�k pack animal $ k”l”g @ a strong and swift
(=$ k�l�g) @ horse
g�ch power, force $ k�c� @ power, strength




15.0 gh

15.1 gh: g

bagh bunch, bundle; bond $ bag @ group, band, team
baghla- to tie, to fasten $ bagla- @ to tie in bunches
bogh- to strangle, choke $ bogu- @ to bind, tie,
bundle, wrap
boghum knot, joint, node $ bugui - baguu forearm, wrist
@
chagh time, period $ cag @ time, period,
season, age
kIraghI frost $ kiragu @ frost
sagh- to milk (an animal) $ saga- @ to milk
tugh horsetail $ tug @ flag, standard,
banner
yatughan -- a kind of zither $ yatug-a @ zither harp
yatuk



15.2 gh: x

agha lord, master, $ ax-a @ elder brother
chief, boss,
landowner
bogha bull $ bux-a @ bull



Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 21 =
________________________________________________________________________



15.3 gh: g

bileghi whetstone $ bil„g�� @ whetstone
deghirmen mill $ t„g„rm-„ @ mill
soghan onion $ songgin-a @ onion
eghir- to spin $ „g„r„- @ to rotate; to spin,
twist
egh- to bend, incline, $ „g„- @ to return, go back
curve, bow
yeghen nephew; niece $ zig„ @ child of one's
daughter or sister



15.4 gh: k

baghIr- to shout, yell, cry $ barkira- @ to shout, cry, yell
g”gh�s breast, nipples $ k”k� @ female breast, n!p-
ples
sIgh- to fit (into) $ sixa- @ to press, squeeze,
squash



15.5 gh: u, gu, maga (?)

bughra male camel $ buur-a @ camel
bughday wheat $ bugudai @ wheat
dagh -- damga brand; mark $ tamag-a @ seal, stamp; brand




16.0 h

16.1 h: x

hakla- to overcome, beat, $ xagal- @ to break, split,
suppress, crush chip, cut through
han khan, king, chief $ xan @ khan, king, chief
hakan khan, ruler, $ xagan @ emperor, khan
emperor
hatun woman; lady; wife $ xatun @ lady, queen, prin-
cess; wife (hon.)
haykIr- to shout, scream, $ xaskir- @ to shout, scream,
yell, howl (=$ xashkir-) @ yell, howl



16.2 h: k

hIckIr- to crunch $ k„rcigin„- @ to crunch
hIrcInlIk wicked, cruel, bru- $ k„rc„g„i @ wicked, cruel, bru-
tal tal

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 22 =
________________________________________________________________________


hIrg�r quarrel, dispute $ k„r„g�l @ quarrel, dispute
hIrIltI wheeze; snarl $ k„r„ld�g„n @ quarrel, dispute



16.3 h: g

bohcha bundle, package $ bogcu @ bag, backpack




17.0 k

17.1 k: x

kaghan emperor $ xagan @ emperor, khan
kabar- to swell $ xabud- @ to swell
kaburga rib $ xabirg-a @ rib
kadIn woman, wife $ xatun @ lady, queen, prin-
cess; wife (hon.)
kuraltay meeting $ xural @ meeting
kamu all(together) $ xamug @ all; whole
kara black; dark $ xar-a @ black; dark
karshI opposite; opposing; $ xarsi @ obstacle,
anti-, counter- hindrance, barrier
kas muscle $ xasa @ thigh
kasIk groin $ xasa @ thigh
kasharlan- to become hackneyed $ xasirla- @ to be careful, ex-
perienced
kan- to content oneself $ xan- @ to content oneself
kavla- to peel off $ xagura- @ to peel off
kuru dry $ xagurai @ dry
sakal beard, whiskers $ saxal @ beard
sIk- to squeeze, press; $ sixa- @ to press, squeeze,
to tighten squash
yaka collar; edge, bank, $ zax-a @ rim, border; collar
shore
konalka- to stay for the $ xonugla- @ to stay for the
night night
kopchala- to close the but- $ xubcala- @ to dress
tons of a garment
kulak ear $ xulugu @ earwax
tak- to dress; to add, $ toxu- @ to put on or over;
attach to saddle



17.2 k: k

chakIm -- spark, lightning $ cakilgan @ lightning
chakIn
g”k sky; blue $ k”k„ @ blue
kert- to notch; to scrape $ k„rci- @ to cut, mince,
slice

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 23 =
________________________________________________________________________


tIk- to cram, jam, $ ciki- @ to jam, stuff,
thrust, stick press
kelepir cheap $ kilbar @ cheap
kIl hair $ kilgasu @ hair of the mane
and tail




17.3 k: g

yarlIk (arch.; = yarlIgh) $ zarlig @ decree, command,
command, edict, order
decree
dayak (to beat with a $ tayag @ cane, staff, stick
cane)
sallak naked $ shalig @ profligate, lewd,
obscene
ulak courier, messenger $ ulag-a @ relay horses
bulak well, source $ bulag @ source, origin
burchak common vetch $ burcag @ bean
hakla- to overcome, beat, $ xagal- @ to break, split,
suppress, crush chip, cut through
tansIk interesting $ tangsug @ beautiful



17.4 k: g

b”l�k part $ b”l”g @ group, part; com-
panion
chichek flower $ c„c„g @ flower
eshek donkey $ „lzig„ @ donkey
gerek requisite, need, $ k„r„g @ thing (abstr.),
necessity matter, affair
gevrek crisp, brittle, $ k„b„r„g @ brittle, fragile,
crackly frail, flimsy
gIdIkla- to tickle $ g„d„g„l„- @ to tickle
kesek -- cut, truncated $ k„s„g @ part, piece, sec-
kesik tion
seyrek widely set; sparse $ s„yir„g @ thin, sparse
�rk- to shy, balk $ �rg�- @ to be[come] alarmed
(horse); to be or frightened
frightened
y�kle- to load, freight $ y„g�l„- @ to transfer by
pouring, transfuse,
change from one
container to
another
tekle- to miss, to mis- $ t„g„gl„- @ to block, hinder
fire; to stammer,
to stutter
shishek yearling (lamb) $ isig„ @ kid, young goat



Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 24 =
________________________________________________________________________



17.5 k: y

inek cow $ �niy-„ @ cow
yanshak garrulous, talka- $ yangsiy-a @ babbler; quarrel;
tive verbose, noisy



17.6 k: t

karpuz melon $ tarbus @ melon



17.7 k: m

ch”k- to collapse, fall $ c”m�r„- @ to fall in, break
in; to break down; down or through; to
to give way collapse, fall down



17.8 k: 0

gerekche reason, proof $ g„r„ci @ proof
kavush- to be reunited $ agulza- @ to meet; to merge
with; to meet
kolan cinch, girth $ olong @ belly
k�ch�k small $ �c�k„n @ small




18.0 l

18.1 l: l

bal honey, nectar $ bal @ honey, nectar
balta axe $ balta @ sledge hammer; axe
bel waist $ b„l @ waist; declivity
belgi feature $ b„lg„ @ sign, mark, symbol
bilgi knowledge, learn- $ bilig @ talent, wisdom
ing, information
bileghi whetstone $ bil„g�� @ whetstone
b”l�k part $ b”l”g @ group, part, com-
panion
bulak well, source $ bulag @ source, origin
bulanik dirty, turbid $ bulangkir @ turbid
chalchene chatterbox, gossip $ calciy-a @ idle talk, nonsense
ch”l desert $ c”l @ desert, desolate
place
chulpan Venus $ colmon @ Morning star, Venus
dal back, shoulder $ dalu @ shoulder blade,
scapula

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 25 =
________________________________________________________________________


dalga wave $ dabalgan @ wave
d”l seed, germ; young, $ t”l @ newborn young
offspring animals, issue
elchi ambassador $ „lci @ ambassador
elmas diamond $ almas @ diamond
kIl hair $ kilgasu @ hair of the mane
and tail
salla- to swing, shake, $ dalal- @ to beckon, wave the
rock; to wave hand
sol left; left side $ sologai @ left side or hand
ulus nation, people $ ulus @ people, nation;
country, state;
empire, dynasty



18.2 ll: l

allak bullak $ alag bulag @ parti-colored, mot-
ley
sallak naked $ shalig @ profligate, lewd,
obscene
billur crystal $ bolor @ crystal



18.3 l: n

aldan- to mistake, err $ andu- @ to mistake



18.4 l: b

al- to take $ ab- @ to take, to grasp



18.5 l: 0

ilk first, initial, $ „ki @ beginning, first
beginning
ilkin in the first place, $ „kin @ beginning, commen-
first cement; origin




19.0 m

19.1 m: m

damga stamp; mark $ tamag-a @ seal, stamp; brand
deghirmen mill $ t„g„rm-„ @ mill
demir iron $ t„m�r @ iron

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 26 =
________________________________________________________________________


im mark, trace $ im @ mark
kamu all(together) $ xamug @ all; whole
kum sand, sandstone $ xumag @ fine sand
mele- to bleat $ mayila- @ to bleat
tulum animal skin; over- $ tulum @ leather bag
alls; bag pipe
�z�m grape $ �z�m @ grape



19.2 m: b

chamur mud $ sibar @ mud
chim- to sink $ zib- @ to sink
g”m g”k dark blue, quite $ k”b k”k„ @ dark blue
blue
mor purple $ boru @ grey, purple, brown



19.3 m: n

kim who $ k„n @ who



19.4 m: y (?)

tarim agriculture $ tariy-a @ paddy, field



19.5 m: l (?)

yom good luck $ zol @ good luck, fortune,
success



19.6 m: g

achImla- to observe $ azigla- @ to observe, pay at-
tention; to notice,
note



19.7 m: 0

boghum knot, joint, node $ bugui - baguu forearm, wrist
@
eylem deed, process $ �il„ @ matter, behaviour,
alive



Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 27 =
________________________________________________________________________




20.0 n

20.1 n:n

ant oath, promise $ andagai @ oath, contract, al-
liance
boran thunderstorm $ borugan @ rain
han khan, king, chief $ xan @ khan, king, chief
hakan khan, ruler, $ xagan @ emperor, khan
emperor
kan- to content oneself $ xan- @ to content oneself
san- to suppose, think, $ sana- @ to think, reflect,
imagine ponder
sancak flag, banner, stan- $ sancig @ side whiskers
dard
kon- to rest, sleep $ xono- @ to spend a night
nar pomegranate $ anar @ pomegranate
t�men ten thousand; divi- $ t�m„n @ ten thousand
sion (households)
tanI- to know $ tani- @ to know



20.2 n: ng

angIn famous $ xanggin @ essential
angut a kind of duck $ anggir @ a kind of yellow
duck
sindir- to erase $ singg„- @ to dissolve
tansIk interesting $ tangsug @ beautiful
an moment, instant; $ ang @ crack, chinese, fis-
boundary (between sure
fields)
chin upright, real $ cing @ honest
yansha- talkative $ yangsi- @ to prattle, jabber
en broadness; most $ „ng @ broad, most
sungur white falcon $ shongxor @ falcon, gerfalcon
(=$ singxur) @



20.3 n: y

chalchene chatterbox, gossip $ calciy-a @ idle talk, nonsense



20.4 m: g, g

ayran ayran (a drink made $ ayirag @ kumiss
of yogurt and
water)
taban sole (of a shoe or $ tabag @ sole of hoof or
foot) foot; paw

Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 28 =
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y”n direction, aspect $ z�g @ direction, aspect



20.5 n: 0

dadan- to acquire a taste $ dad-, das- @ to become ac-
for customed to; to ac-
quire experience
sakIn- to pay attention; $ saki- @ to observe,
to protect respect, look after
tiksin- to be disgusted, to $ zigsi- @ to abhor, hate, be
loathe disgusted with
hIrcInlIk wicked, cruel, bru- $ k„rc„g„i @ wicked, cruel, bru-
tal tal




21.0 p

21.1 p: b

arpa barley $ arbai @ barley
ch”p waste $ c”b @ deposit, sediment
karpuz melon $ tarbus @ melon
kopuz a kind of luth $ xobis @ a kind of luth
pars leopard $ bars @ tiger
pulat steel $ bolod @ steel
tep- to kick; to turn $ t„b„g @ shuttlecock
down
kip form, type $ k„b @ model, form
kopchala- to close the but- $ xubcala- @ to dress
tons of a garment
pek very; extremely; $ b„ki @ strong, firm, solid
firm; strong



21.2 p: g, g, k

kapa- to close, shut; to $ xaga- @ to close; to block,
block; to stop up keep out
topal lame, crippled $ dogol @ limp, lame
tapala- to (put a) stopper $ tagla- @ to stop up, cork,
close
pIrIlda- to gleam, glitter, $ g„r„lt�- @ to shine, glow,
shine glitter
k”pr� bridge $ k”g”rg„ @ bridge
s�p�rge broom $ sig�r @ broom
s�p�r- to sweep, wipe off $ sig�rd„- @ to sweep, wipe off
tap- to worship; to $ taki- @ to sacrifice, make
adore an offering



Hugjiltu: Comparison of Turkish and Mongolian = 29 =
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